ძალაუნებურად ემიგრანტი

qarTuli eklesiis mier wmindanad Seracxuli qarTveli mecnieri, sazogado moRvawe eqvTime TayaiSvili guriis erT patara sofel lixaurSi, 1863 wlis 5 ianvars aznaur svimon TayaiSvilis ojaxSi daibada. patara iyo, roca mSoblebi daeRupa.

sami wlis iyo, rodesac marjvena fexi moitexa da cudad Sexorcebis gamo sagrZnoblad daumoklda. samudamod dakoWlebuli eqvTimes stumarTan gaMoCena dedmamiSvilebs da naTesavebs euxerxulebodaT.

eqvTime niWieri da swavlis moyvaruli bavSvi iyo. samazro saswavleblis damTavrebis Semdeg igi quTaisis klasikur gimnaziaSi Cairicxa da swavla vercxlis medalze daasrula. Semdeg ki peterburgis universitetSi Caabara istoriul-filologiur fakultetze, saidana TbilisSi kandidatis xarisxiT dabrunda TbilisSi.

TbilisSi Camosuli eqvTime aqtiurad CaerTo mecnierul, pedagogiur da sazogadoebriv moRvaweobaSi. misi umTavresi mizani  saqarTvelos istoria-arqeologiisTvis masalebis Sekreba gaxda. 1889 wels daaarsa “saqarTvelos saegzarqoso muzeumi”, sadac Tavs uyridnen Zvel saeklesio wignebs, xelnawerebsa da sxvadasxva nivTebs. muSaobdnen saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriis Sedgenaze.

 “sazogadoebis wevri rom gavxdi, mivixed-movixede, Sevityve, rom im Zvirfas xelnawerebs kaci patroni ara hyavda da Zalauneburad movkide xeli, davuwye patronoba. mere TandaTan gamitaca, Semiyvarda da viwye zrunva daRupvisagan maT gadarCenaze. Tan axal-axalsac vagrovebdi, SemowiruliT aRar vjerdebodi. sazogadoebis xarjze SeZenac daviwye. sxvadasxva kuTxeSi mimowera gavaCaRe, agentebi gaviCine…. saqarTvelo daviare da davinaxe, Tu ra uzarmazari masalaa ganwiruli daviwyebisa da xSirad daRupvisTvisac. pirdapir amitana fanatikurma miswrafebam, rac SeiZleba meti momeswro, miTumetes, rom Cem TanamedroveTagan aRaravin misdevda am saqmes.

ramdens vcdilobdi, ras ar vkidebdi xels, magram ramdeni ram mainc ver movaswari!.. ar iyo xalxi, TiToorola kacis meti ar ekareboda aseT saqmes. ar esmodaT amis mniSvneloba da gemo!.. rusTvelis gamzirze seirnobasa da popularuli statia-wignebis kiTxvas, an literaturul kamaTs iqiT aRar midioda maTi mondomeba… TiTqos gvyavda inteligencia, magram namdvilad da Rrmad veravin xvdeboda kulturuli memkvidreobis movla-patronobisa da adgilobriv Seswavlis aucileblobas”, _ werda eqvTime TayaiSvili.

eqvTime TayaiSvilis saxels ukavSirdeba “saqarTvelos saistorio da saeTnografio sazogadoebis” daarseba. es sazogadoeba mogzaurobda saqarTvelos sxvadasxva mxareSi da agrovebda istoriul da arqeologiur masalebs. gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani iyo maTi mogzauroba “samusulmano saqarTveloSi”. eqspediciam uamrav masalas mouyara Tavi: eTnografiul da saarqivo nivTebs, naqsov-naqargebs, xelnawerebs. calke koleqcias Seadgenda qarTuli eklesia-monastrebis kedlebidan gadmoRebuli freskebi.

1888 wels eqvTimem Seiswavla da gamoikvlia “parxlis saxareba”. amas mohyva Satberduli “moqcevai qarTlisais” axleburi wakiTxva, rkveva da daTariReba.

1890 wels eqvTime TayaiSvilma erTad mouyara Tavi da gamoaqveyna “sami istoriuli qronika”, sadac warmodgenilia -”moqcevai qarTlisai”, “sumbatis qronika” da “mesxuri matiane”. am gamocemam igi erTbaSad maSindel did samamulo moRvaweTa gverdiT daayena.

eqvTimes ocneba iyo samxreT saqarTvelos istoriul ZeglTa safuZvliani aRwera da Seswavla. jer, 1902 wels, xuroTmoZRvar simon kldiaSvilisa da fotograf aleqsandre mamuCaiSvilis TanxlebiT, imogzaura da aRwera axalcixe-axalqalaqisa da artaan-olTisis Zeglebi.

meore, ufro sruli safuZvliani eqspedicia eqvTimem moawyo 1907 wels, inJiner anatoli kalginis, frangi maswavleblisa da moxalise fotografis, eduard liozenis TanxlebiT. moiares kola, olTisi, Cangli. maSin aRwera eqvTimem banas didebuli taZari, taoskari, dadaSeni, taxtorkani, jijori, qumurluxi, kalmaxi, vaCeZori da mravali sxva Zegli, naZeglari, nangrevi da namusrevi.

eqvTime TayaiSvili iyo erT-erTi aqtiuri mebrZoli saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenisaTvis, man aseve udidesi roli iTamaSa 1918 wels Tbilisis universitetis daarsebaSi.

1921 wlis 25 Tebervals saqarTvelo sabWoTa xelisuflebam daipyro. saqarTvelos mTavroba sazRvargareT gadaixvewa da Tan waiRo sabanko valuta, istoriisa da kulturis samuzeumo ganZeuloba da xelnawerebi. maT mcvelad gahyva eqvTime TayaiSvili Tavis meuRlesTan erTad.

 „Zalauneburad momixda emigrantoba, raTa ar movSorebodi Cveni eris sasiqadulo kulturul saganZurs, damecva igi yovelgvari safrTxisagan“, – werda eqvTime TayaiSvili.

safrTxe ki mravali iyo: qarTuli saganZuris Sesyidva surdaT britaneTisa da niu-iorkis muzeumebs, graf oxolenskis qvrivi salome dadiani ki am saganZuris erTi nawilis memkvidred asaRebda Tavs da sasamarTloSic ki aRZra saqme ganZis xelSi Casagdebad. meore msoflio omis dros faSistebma Seityves ganZis Sesaxeb da eqvTimes binac ki gaCxrikes, magram eqvTime TayaiSvilis, grigol feraZisa da sxva qarTvelebisa Tu maTi ucxoeli megobrebis wyalobiT qarTvelebma ganZi SeinarCunes. bolos ki safrangeTis mTavrobam gamoacxada, rom qarTuli saganZuri mas ekuTvnoda im gadasaxadis sanacvlod, romelic qarTulma emigraciam materialuri SeWirvebis gamo ver gadaixada, magram amjeradac gamoCndnen keTili adamianebi da ganZi miTvisebas gadaurCa.

am dros ki aseTi ganZis mflobeli eqvTime ukidures gaWirvebaSi cxovrobda. mas da mis meuRles xSirad puric ki ar hqondaT da maT megobrebi inaxavdnen. eqvTimes am periodSi gardaecvala sayvareli meuRle da didi megobari nino. marto darCenili moxuci SimSilis, yinvisa da avadmyofobisagan bevrjer sikvdilis piramdec misula, magram dakisrebuli movaleobisaTvis ar uRalatnia. erTi umciresi nivTic rom gaeyida, igi umdidresi kaci gaxdeboda, magram arcerTi misxali ar mouklia eris saganZurisaTvis. igi ocnebobda im droze, roca saqarTvelos daubrunebda Tavis saganZurs.

meore msoflio omis Semdeg Seiqmna is pirobebi, roca SesaZlebeli gaxda ocneba realobad qceuliyo. safrangeTsa da sabWoTa kavSirs Soris Sedga molaparakeba, ris Sedegadac ganZi amerikul TviTmfrinavze datvirTes da saqarTveloSi gadmogzavnes mcvelebis TanxlebiT.

TbilisSi, aeroportSi qarTuli sazogadoeba elodeboda. eqvTimes ki TviTmfrinavidan Casvla ar undoda, roca mizezi hkiTxes moridebulad upasuxa: “Zalian SelanZRuli da daxeuli pijaki da fexsacmeli macvia da meridebao..”- arada, evropaSi masTan inaxeboda qarTuli oqromWedlobisa da sxva uamravi Sedevri, Tundac erTi maTgani rom gaeyida fufunebaSi icxovrebda…

samSobloSi erisaTvis damaSvrali moRvawe pativiT miiRes, aRadgines Tbilisis universitetSi profesorad, airCies akademiis wevrad. magram didxans ar gastana eqvTimes sixarulma. sabWoTa xelisuflebam brZola gamoucxada – gaaTavisufles saqarTvelos istoriis profesoris Tanamdebobidan, daupatimres Svilobili, romelTan erTadac cxovrobda, TanamSromlebs aukrZales masTan misvla.

ai, ase, yvelasagan mitovebuli gardaicvala 1953 wlis 21 Tebervals eris saganZuris mcveli, saqarTvelosTvis damaSvrali moRvawe eqvTime TayaiSvili. misi neSti mcirericxovanma procesiam miacila vakis sasaflaomde.

dabadebidan 100 wlis Tavze eqvTime TayaiSvilis neSti didubis panTeonSi gadaasvenes.

saqarTvelos eklesiam ki igi wmindanTa dasSi Seracxa da uwoda wminda eqvTime RvTiskaci.

                                                                                      moamzada nestan bluaSvilma

                                                                           gamoyenebuli masala “wigni mowameTa”